Unit 1
重点语法
教学目标：掌握情态动词
should
的用法
掌握反身代词的用法
1.
情态动词
should
的用法
( 1 )
情态动词
should
后接动词原形，变为一般疑问句时将
should
提前，变为否定句时在
should
后面加
not
。
We should listen to our teacher carefully in class.
Should I tell him the news right now?
We shouldn’t come late to school.
( 2 ) should
常用于以下两种情况：
①
提出建议、观点或看法。
You
loo
tired. You should lie down and rest.
②
表示推测，意为“该，按理应当”。
Wait a minute. I
thin
he should come in a moment.
2.
反身代词
( 1 )
反身代词的构成
反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词，有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容词性物主代词
+ self (
单数
)
或
selves (
复数
)
”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称代词
+ self (
单数
)
或
selves (
复数
)
”构成。详见下表：
人称
单数
复数（
-selves
）
第一人称
myself
我自己
ourselves
我们自己
第二人称
yourself
你自己
yourselves
你们自己
第三人称
himself
他自己
themselves
他
/
她
/
它们自己
herself
她自己
itself
它自己
( 2 )
反身代词的用法
①
做宾语
You must
loo
after
yourself
well and
eep
healthy.
The child can dress himself.
②
做同位语
He didn’t often go shopping himself.
= He himself didn’t often go shopping.
③
做主语
在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它可以借助
and, or, nor
等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语（且位于并列主语的后部），以及用于某些特殊结构（如
as...as
等）。
My brother and
myself
went there yesterday.
He was as
anious
as
myself
.
Jim’s sister and
himself
get up at
si
every day.
( 3 )
含反身代词的短语小结
by oneself
独自，单独
for oneself
亲自
teach oneself
自学
learn...by oneself
自学
enjoy oneself
玩得开心
say to oneself
自言自语
dress oneself
穿衣服
help
oneself to...
随意吃
/
喝点
......
I am able to do it by myself.
I teach myself English in my spare time.
They enjoyed themselves at the party.
Unit 2
重点语法
教学目标：掌握不定式几种重要用法
1.
动词不定式
动词不定式的基本结构为“
to +
动词原形”（有时可不加
to
）。在句中除了不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可以充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处
主要讲做宾语
补足语和状语的用法。
( 1 )
做宾语补足语。
动词不定式做宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有
to do
和
to be
两种形式。
The doctor advised him to
tae
a good rest.
I find English to be very easy.
注意：
在
as, tell, encourage, get, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach
等动
词或短语之后，常接带
to
的不定式做宾语补足语。
We
ased
him to sing a pop song at the party.
我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。
动词不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号
to
在使役动词
( have,
mae
, let )
、感官动词
( feel, hear, watch, see, notice
等
)
的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态时，不定式符号
to
不能省略。
The boss made the
worers
wor
over ten hours a day in the past.
= The
worers
were made to
wor
over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.
动词
help
接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号
to
可省略也可不省略。
He often comes to help us
( to
) do some farm
wor
.
拓展
动词不定式在
listen to,
loo
at
后做宾语补足语时，常省略
to
。
I listened to him sing.
我听到他唱歌。
动词不定式在
had better
等词组后做宾语时，省略
to
。
You’d better go home at once.
( 2 )
做状语
①
表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句中前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时，一般不用逗号隔开。
To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
We set out at five in the morning to get there on time.
②
表结果：不定式
做结果
状语，一般位于句子末尾。
I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.
2.
动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而成的短语，如
clean up, give out, cheer up, put off, set up, thin up, tae after,
fi
up, give away, put up, hand out
等。
动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：
( 1 )
动词
+
介词
这类动词短语主要有：
agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , come from, get to , get on, get off, hear of,
noc
at / on, laugh at,
loo
at,
loo
after,
loo
for, listen to, wait for, tae after
等。
注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放
初二英语下册：unit 1-5 单元语法归纳.docx